The Development of Robust Intuitive Decision Making in Simulated Real-world Environments

ii ABSTRACT Intuitive decision making refers to decision making based on situational pattern recognition, which happens without deliberation. It is a fast and effortless process that occurs without complete awareness. Moreover, it is believed that implicit learning is one means by which a foundation for intuitive decision making is developed. Accordingly, the present study investigated several factors that affect implicit learning and the development of intuitive decision making in a simulated real-world environment: (1) simple versus complex situational patterns; (2) the diversity of the patterns to which an individual is exposed; (3) the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that simple patterns led to higher levels of implicit learning and intuitive decision-making accuracy than complex patterns; increased diversity enhanced implicit learning and intuitive decision-making accuracy; and an embodied mechanism, labeling, contributes to the development of intuitive decision making in a simulated real-world environment. The results suggest that simulated real-world environments can provide the basis for training intuitive decision making, that diversity is influential in the process of training intuitive decision making, and that labeling contributes to the development of intuitive decision making. These results are interpreted in the context of applied situations such as military applications involving remotely piloted aircraft. iii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate my dissertation to my family for always being a constant source of love, support and encouragement. Specifically, I want to thank my mother for always sacrificing to keep my head above water, for always encouraging me to succeed, and for helping me up when I fall down. Thank you also to my friends for being there, supporting me, and making me have a little fun. Last, but definitely not least, to my dearest husband, Jason for providing me with an environment within our relationship that allows me to grow and thrive. Your constant encouragement and care have helped me make it through. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my committee, Drs. Art Glenberg, and Don Homa for their guidance, patience, and encouragement. Your mentoring has gotten me to the end of this journey as a better person and a better scientist. Thank you to everyone who gave words of encouragement and